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ラシ 創世記注解 創世記 26章 | NeON Church
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創世記 26章
ラシ（シュロモ・イツハキ）『ラシ 創世記注解』
1
Genesis 26:2
אל תרד מצרימה GO NOT DOWN INTO EGYPT — Because he thought of going down to Egypt as his father had gone down in time of famine. He said to him, “Do not go down to Egypt for you are a burnt-offering without blemish and residence outside the Holy Land is not befitting you” (Genesis Rabbah 64:3).
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創世記 26:2
2
Genesis 26:3
האל is the same as האלה THESE.
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創世記 26:3
3
Genesis 26:4
והתברכו בזרעך AND IN THY SEED SHALL BLESS THEMSELVES — A man will say to his son, “May your seed be as the seed of Isaac”. Such is the meaning of this phrase wherever it occurs in the entire Scriptures. The following passage is that from which this meaning may be derived for all such passages: (48:20) “By thee shall all Israel bless their children saying, “May God make thee [as Ephraim and Manasseh]”. So, too, in the case of a curse do we find a similar idea: (Numbers 5:27) “And the woman shall become a curse”, meaning that one who curses his enemy will say “May you be like such and such a woman”. Similar, also, is (Isaiah 65:15) “And ye shall leave your name for a curse unto mine elect”, meaning that one who takes an oath will say “May I be like such-and-such a person if I have really done so-and-so”.
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創世記 26:4
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民数 5:27
4
Genesis 26:5
שמע אברהם בקלי ABRAHAM HEARKENED TO MY VOICE when I put him to the test.
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創世記 26:5
5
Genesis 26:5
וישמר משמרתי AND KEPT MY CHARGE — This refers to precautionary measures which are intended to make us avoid the infringement of Biblical prohibitions: such are the Rabbinical inhibition of marriage between relatives in the second degree and the Rabbinical regulations regarding not doing certain acts on the Sabbath (cf. Yevamot 21a).
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創世記 26:5
6
Genesis 26:5
מצותי MY COMMANDMENTS — those matters which, had they not been written in the Torah, we would nevertheless hold that they are fitting matters to be the subject of a commandment, such as robbery and murder (cf. Yoma 67b).
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創世記 26:5
7
Genesis 26:5
חקותי MY ORDINANCES — matters which our evil inclination and the heathen nations argue against the necessity of prohibiting, such as the eating of swine’s flesh and the wearing of garments made of a mixture of wool and linen — things for which there are no apparent reasons but which are the King’s decrees and enactments imposed on His subjects (Yoma 67b).
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創世記 26:5
8
Genesis 26:5
ותורתי AND MY LAWS — The plural serves to include with the written Law also the Oral Law which prescribes commands that are an ancient institution given by God to Moses from Sinai (cf. Genesis Rabbah 64:4).
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創世記 26:5
9
Genesis 26:7
לאשתו means CONCERNING HIS WIFE, just as (20:13) “Say about me (לי), He is my brother”.
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創世記 26:7
10
Genesis 26:8
כי ארכו WHEN HE HAD BEEN THERE A LONG TIME — He thought, “From now I need have no fear since they have not molested her up to now”, and he was not sufficiently strict in guarding his actions (Genesis 20:13).
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創世記 26:8
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創世記 20:13
11
Genesis 26:10
אחד העם ONE OF THE PEOPLE — the one singled out from the people — viz., the king (cf. Targum).
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創世記 26:10
12
Genesis 26:10
והבאת עלינו אשם means had he really lain with her you would have now brought guiltiness upon us (i. e. the verb is not in the future but in the conditional past tense).
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創世記 26:10
13
Genesis 26:12
בארץ ההוא IN THAT LAND although it (Gerar) had not the sacred importance of Erez Yisroel proper — i. e., as the territory of the seven nations, and is therefore not as fertile as the Holy Land (cf. Ketubot 112a).
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創世記 26:12
14
Genesis 26:12
בשנה ההיא IN THAT YEAR although it was not a normal year, being a year of famine.
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創世記 26:12
15
Genesis 26:12
בארץ ההיה בשנה ההיא In that land and in that year. — Why is there mention of the two — that land and that year? To tell you that that soil was hard and that year was a hard one (Genesis Rabbah 64:6).
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創世記 26:12
16
Genesis 26:12
מאה שערים AN HUNDREDFOLD — for they had estimated how much it should have yielded and it yielded one hundred for every measure which they had estimated. Our Rabbis said that the estimate was made for the purpose of the tithe (Genesis Rabbah 64:6).
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創世記 26:12
17
Genesis 26:13
כי גדל מאד UNTIL HE BECAME VERY GREAT — so that people used to say, “Rather the dung of Isaac’s mules than all Abimelech’s gold and silver’’(Genesis Rabbah 64:7).
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創世記 26:13
18
Genesis 26:14
וְעֲבֻדָּה רבה means a great many things to do (i. e. great undertakings) O. F. ouvraine. The word עֲבוׂדָה denotes one thing to be done whereas עֲבֻדָּה denotes many things to be done (a collective noun)
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創世記 26:14
19
Genesis 26:15
סתמום פלשתים THE PHILISTINES STOPPED THEM, saying, “They may become a source of danger to us because of marauding troops that may invade us” (i.e.,they may invade our country to obtain possession of the wells, or if they invade us for any other reason they will be able to find a supply of water). (Tosafot Sotah 10.) The rendering of the Targum טמונין means “stopping up” and we find it in the language of the Talmud (Pesachim 42a) “Chokes up (מטמטם) the heart”.
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創世記 26:15
20
Genesis 26:17
בנחל גרר IN THE VALLEY OF GERAR — far away from the city.
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創世記 26:17
21
Genesis 26:18
וישב ויחפר AND ISAAC DIGGED AGAIN — those wells which they had dug in the days of his father Abraham and which the Philistines had stopped up before Isaac left Gerar he once again dug.
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創世記 26:18
22
Genesis 26:20
עשק means DISPUTE.
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創世記 26:20
23
Genesis 26:20
כי התעשקו עמו means THEY ENGAGED WITH HIM about it in strife and DISPUTE.
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創世記 26:20
24
Genesis 26:21
שטנה old French nuisement; English hindrance.
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創世記 26:21
25
Genesis 26:22
ופרינו בארץ WE SHALL BE FRUITFUL IN THE LAND — as the Targum translates it וניפוש and we shall increase in the land).
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創世記 26:22
26
Genesis 26:26
ואחזת מרעהו —as the Targum renders it: וסיעת מרחמוחי which means a company formed from his friends, the מ meaning from סיעת ממאוהביו. There are some who explain that in מרעהו the מ is part of the noun מרע — just like (Judges 14:11) “Thirty companions (מרעים)” in the narrative of Samson — in order that the word ואחזת should be taken to be the construct state to מרעהו (the company of his friends). But it would not be a polite thing to speak thus of a king — the company of his friends — for if this were the meaning it would imply that he (Abimelech) took with him the whole company of his friends and that he had no more than one group of friends. For this reason it should be interpreted in the first way (that אחזת is not construct). And you need not be surprised at the ת of אחזת although the word is not in the construct state, for we have similar cases in Scripture: (Psalms 60:13) “help (עזרת) against the adversary”, and (Isaiah 51:21) “Drunken, (שכרת) but not with wine”.
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創世記 26:26
27
Genesis 26:26
אחזת signifies a collection and band, and a band is so called because the people who constitute it are held נאחזין together.
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創世記 26:26
28
Genesis 26:28
ראו ראינו WE SAW PLAINLY (literally, seeing we have seen) — We saw it in the case of your father and we see it in the case of yourself (Genesis Rabbah 64:10).
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創世記 26:28
29
Genesis 26:28
‘תהי נא אלה בינותינו וגו means LET THE OATH that has existed BETWEEN US since the days of your father CONTINUE NOW BETWEEN US AND YOU.
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創世記 26:28
30
Genesis 26:29
לא נגענוך WE HAVE NOT TOUCHED THEE when we said to you “Go from us”.
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創世記 26:29
31
Genesis 26:29
אתה THOU — thou, also, do with us in a like manner.
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創世記 26:29
32
Genesis 26:33
שבעה [AND HE CALLED IT] SHIBAH (swearing), in allusion to the Covenant (cf. v.31; “And they swear” etc.).
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創世記 26:33
33
Genesis 26:34
בן ארבעים שנה [AND ESAU WAS] FORTY YEARS OLD —Esau is compared to a boar, as it is said, (Psalms 80:14) “The boar from the wood doth ravage it”. The boar when it lies down stretches forth its cloven hoof as much as to say, “See, I am a clean animal” (whilst really cloven hoofs are a feature of clean animals only in conjunction with another that is lacking in the swine). In the same way these dukes of Esau rob and extort and pretend to be honorable (Genesis Rabbah 65:1). For the whole forty years Esau enticed women from their husbands and ill-treated them; when he reached the age of forty he said, “My father took a wife when he was forty and I shall do the same” (Gen. R. 65).
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創世記 26:34
34
Genesis 26:35
מרת רוח [AND THEY WERE] A VEXATION OF SPIRIT — the expression means opposing the spirit of a person. The first word is of the same root as (Deuteronomy 9:24), “Ye have been rebellious (ממרים)”: all their actions tended to be a grief
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創世記 26:35
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申命 9:24
35
Genesis 26:35
ליצחק ולרבקה TO ISAAC AND REBEKAH, because they worshipped idols (Genesis Rabbah 65:4).
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創世記 26:35
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