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ラシ 出エジプト記注解 出エジプト記 29章 | NeON Church
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出エジプト記 29章
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出エジプト記 29章
ラシ（シュロモ・イツハキ）『ラシ 出エジプト記注解』
1
Exodus 29:1
לקח This is the same as קח (the imperative, “Take thou” and must not be regarded as the infinitive). There are two forms of the root: one is קח and the other לקח, both having the same meaning.
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出エジプト 29:1
2
Exodus 29:1
פר אחד ONE BULLOCK — to atone for the incident of worshipping the golden calf which is of the bullock species (cf. Sifra on Leviticus 9:2).
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出エジプト 29:1
3
Exodus 29:2
ולחם מצות וחלת מצת ... ורקיקי מצות AND UNLEAVENED BREAD, AND PIERCED CAKES UNLEAVENED … AND WAFERS UNLEAVENED — Here you have these three kinds: “satured” with scalding water, and pierced cakes, and wafers. The לחם מצות, “unleavened bread” mentioned here is that which is termed further on in this section (v. 23) חלת לחם שמן, “pierced cake of oiled bread”, being so termed because they put unto the saturated dough as much oil as they put into the pieced cakes and wafers together (Menachot 89a). Of each of these kinds there were brought ten cakes (Menachot 76a).
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出エジプト 29:2
4
Exodus 29:2
בלולת בשמן [CAKES] MINGLED WITH OIL — whilst they were still meal they poured oil into them and mixed them up (Menachot 75a).
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出エジプト 29:2
5
Exodus 29:2
משחים בשמן ANOINTED WITH OIL — after they were baked they anointed them in the form of a Greek Chi (X), which is formed like our נ (Menachot 74b and Rashi thereon; Menachot 75a).
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出エジプト 29:2
6
Exodus 29:3
והקרבת אתם AND THOU SHALT OFFER THEM (lit., bring them near) to the court of the Tabernacle on the day when it will be first erected.
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出エジプト 29:3
7
Exodus 29:4
ורחצת AND THOU SHALT WASH [THEM] — This signifies the immersion of the entire body (cf. Targum Jonathan).
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出エジプト 29:4
8
Exodus 29:5
ואפדת AND THOU SHALT FASTEN [THE EPHOD ON] — adorn and arrange the girdle and the apron around him.
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出エジプト 29:5
9
Exodus 29:6
נזר הקדש THE DIADEM OF HOLINESS — This refers to the Plate.
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出エジプト 29:6
10
Exodus 29:6
על המצנפת UPON THE MITRE, as I have explained above (Exodus 28:37) — by means of the middle string and the two strings at its (the Plate’s) ends which were, the three of them, tied together behind his neck he placed it upon the mitre as a kind of helmet.
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出エジプト 29:6
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出エジプト 28:37
11
Exodus 29:7
ומשחת אתו AND THOU SHALT ANOINT HIM — This anointing also, was in the form of a X: he put a drop of oil on his head and another drop between his eyebrows and joined them with his finger into this shape (Keritot 5b).
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出エジプト 29:7
12
Exodus 29:9
והיתה להם AND SHALL BE UNTO THEM This “filling of hands” shall be for an everlasting priesthood.
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出エジプト 29:9
13
Exodus 29:9
ומלאת AND THOU SHALT “FILL” by means of these following matters
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出エジプト 29:9
14
Exodus 29:9
יד אהרן ויד בניו AARON’S HAND AND HIS SONS’ HANDS in the appointment and assigment to the priesthood.
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出エジプト 29:9
15
Exodus 29:11
פתח אהל מועד BY THE ENTRANCE OF THE APPOINTED TENT — i. e. in the court of the Tabernacle which was in front of the entrance.
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出エジプト 29:11
16
Exodus 29:12
על קרנות UPON THE HORNS — on top of the horns actually (the blood was not to be sprinkled from below so as to reach the horns but was to be placed by the finger actually upon the horns) (Zevachim 53a).
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出エジプト 29:12
17
Exodus 29:12
ואת כל הדם AND ALL THE BLOOD i. e. all the remainder of the blood (that which is left after some of it had been placed upon the horns of the altar as just stated).
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出エジプト 29:12
18
Exodus 29:12
אל יסוד המזבח AT THE BOTTOM OF THE ALTAR — A kind of projection that formed a receptacle was made right round it after it had risen to a height of one cubit from the ground (Sukkah 45a).
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出エジプト 29:12
19
Exodus 29:13
החלב המכסה את הקרב THE FAT THAT COVERETH THE INWARDS — this is the membrane upon the maw (Tosefta Chullin 9:3) which is called tele in old French
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出エジプト 29:13
20
Exodus 29:13
ואת היתרת This is the lobe of the liver which is called abris in old French
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出エジプト 29:13
21
Exodus 29:13
על הכבד — Take with it (with the lobe) some of the liver also (cf. Sifra, Vayikra Dibbura d'Nedavah, Section 14 8).
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出エジプト 29:13
22
Exodus 29:14
תשרף באש SHALT THOU BURN WITH FIRE — We do not find that any “outside” sin offering was to be burnt except this (cf. Rashi on Leviticus 9:11).
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出エジプト 29:14
23
Exodus 29:16
וזרקת AND THOU SHALT SPRINKLE IT with a vessel: he held the basin and cast blood from it towards the horn in such a manner that it (the blood) showed on both sides of it. No offering except the sin-offering alone required that its blood should be smeared with the finger, but other sacrifices required neither “horn” nor “finger” (did not require that the blood should be placed on the horn of the altar by the fingers), for the sprinkling of their blood had to be upon the lower half of the altar, and he (the priest) therefore did not mount the ascent leading to the top of the altar but he stood on the ground and sprinkled the blood (Zevachim 53b).
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出エジプト 29:16
24
Exodus 29:16
סביב ROUND ABOUT — This is how it is explained in the Treatise on Slaughtering the Sacrifices (Zevachim 53b): that סביב, “round about” signifies nothing more than that there were to be two sprinklings so made that they should constitute four — one on this corner and one at that which was diagonally opposite it, and so that each sprinkling showed on both sides of the corner, on this and on that side; it followed therefore that the blood was placed on the four sides round about, and for this reason it is here termed סביב.
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出エジプト 29:16
25
Exodus 29:17
על נתחיו [AND PUT THEM] TO ITS PIECES — i. e. together with (על) its pieces — added to the other pieces.
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出エジプト 29:17
26
Exodus 29:18
ריח נחוח AS A PLEASING ODOUR — as a gratification of spirit before Me — that I commanded and My will was carried out (Zevachim 46b).
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出エジプト 29:18
27
Exodus 29:18
אשה AN OFFERING MADE BY FIRE a term connected with the word אש, fire: it denotes the burning of the parts which had been placed on the fire (cf. Rashi on Leviticus 1:9).
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出エジプト 29:18
28
Exodus 29:20
תנוך — This is the inner cartilage which is within the ear, which they call tendrons in old French (cf. Rashi on Leviticus 14:14).
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出エジプト 29:20
29
Exodus 29:20
בהן ידם — i. e. the thumb; and the blood was placed on the middle joint (Chullin 11a).
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出エジプト 29:20
30
Exodus 29:22
החלב THE FAT — This means the fat of the gut, or, (according to the opinion of Rabbi Ishmael,) of the maw (Chullin 49b; cf. Rashi on Leviticus 3:3).
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出エジプト 29:22
31
Exodus 29:22
והאליה AND THE FAT TAIL — This is the portion of the animal from the kidneys and lower down, as is explained in Leviticus, (3:9) because it is said, “[the whole fat tail], he shall take it off hard by the back bone (עָצָה)” i. e. by the place where the kidneys give counsel (עָצָה) (Chullin 11a). In the case of the fat portions of the bullock the “fat tail” is not mentioned, for the “fat tail” was offered only in the case of a male or female lamb and a ram, but an ox and a goat do not require the “fat tail” to be offered.
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出エジプト 29:22
32
Exodus 29:22
ואת שוק הימין AND THE RIGHT SHOULDER — We do not find that burning if prescribed for the right shoulder together with the fat parts except in the case of this alone.
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出エジプト 29:22
33
Exodus 29:22
כי איל מלאים הוא FOR IT IS A RAM OF מלאים — of שלמים (usually translated peace-offerings): מלואים has the meaning of “perfection” (מלא meaning “full”, so that מלואים is synonymous with שלמים) — something that is perfect in all respects. Scripture informs us that the מלואים (consecration sacrifices) are to be regarded as שלמים-sacrifices, in that they, like the שלמים, promote peace (שלום) between the altar and him who carries out the sacrifical rite (the priest) and the owner of the animal (the worshipper who brings the sacrifice”). Therefore, says God, in this case I make it a condition that the breast shall belong as a portion to him who performs the sacrificial rite, viz., Moses, who officiated at the installation into office (cf. v. 26). — The remainder, Aaron and his sons ate because they were the “owners”, as is expressly set forth in this section (cf. Sifra, Vayikra Dibbura d'Nedavah, Chapter 16 2; Midrash Tanchuma, Tzav 4).
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出エジプト 29:22
34
Exodus 29:23
וככר לחם AND ONE LOAF OF BREAD — of the cakes (mentioned in Exodus 29:2) (Menachot 78a).
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出エジプト 29:23
35
Exodus 29:23
וחלת לחם שמן AND ONE PIERCED CAKE OF OILED BREAD — of the “saturated" kind.
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出エジプト 29:23
36
Exodus 29:23
ורקיק AND ONE WAFER — of the wafers there mentioned: i. e. one out of the ten which were comprised in each of these different kinds of bread (Menachot 76a; cf. Rashi on Exodus 29:2). We do not find that any heave-offering of bread brought with a sacrifice was burnt except this alone, for the heave-offering of the bread brought with the thanksgiving offering and with the ram of the Nazarite was given to the priest (and therefore not burnt) together with the breast and the shoulder, whilst of this the breast alone was given as a portion to Moses, as the officiating priest.
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出エジプト 29:23
37
Exodus 29:24
על כפי אהרן … והנפת [AND THOU SHALT PUT ALL] IN THE HANDS OF AARON … AND THOU SHALT WAVE THEM — The rule is that both of them take part in the waving ceremony, the “owner” and the priest. How is this done? The priest places his hand beneath the “owner’s” hand, and thus does the waving (Menachot 61b) — and in case of this offering Aaron and his sons were the “owners” and Moses the priest, and therefore Scripture enacts as stated here.
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出エジプト 29:24
38
Exodus 29:24
תנופה A WAVE OFFERING — He moved it about horizontally in all directions to the glory of Him to Whom belong the four quarters of the world. This waving was symbolical of preventing and making of none effect misfortune and destructive winds. Then he moved it upwards and downward to the glory of Him to Whom belong heaven and earth and this was symbolical of keeping away injurious dews (Menachot 62a).
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出エジプト 29:24
39
Exodus 29:25
על העלה BESIDES THE BURNT OFFERING — besides the first ram which you had already offered up as a burnt offering.
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出エジプト 29:25
40
Exodus 29:25
לריח ניחוח AS A PLEASING ODOUR — as a gratification of spirit to Him Who gave the command and found that His will was carried out (cf. Sifra, Vayikra Dibbura d'Nedavah, Chapter 6 10).
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出エジプト 29:25
41
Exodus 29:25
אשה AN OFFERING MADE BY FIRE given over to the fire.
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出エジプト 29:25
42
Exodus 29:25
לה׳ TO THE LORD — to the Name of the Omnipresent.
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出エジプト 29:25
43
Exodus 29:27
וקדשת את חזה התנופה ואת שוק התרומה וגו׳ AND THOU SHALT SANCTIFY THE BREAST OF THE WAVE OFFERING AND THE SHOULDER OF THE HEAVE OFFERING etc. — Declare these portions of the animal to have a sacred character for future generations in that the heaving of them and the waving of them shall be practised in respect of the breast and the shoulder of all peace-offerings, but the similarity between the שלמים and the מלואים shall not extend to burning the shoulder as was done in the case of the מלואים but (v. 28) “it shall be for Aaron and his sons” to be eaten.
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出エジプト 29:27
44
Exodus 29:27
הונף WHICH IS WAVED — an expression for moving to and fro in a horizontal direction; venteler in old French
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出エジプト 29:27
45
Exodus 29:27
הורם WHICH WAS HEAVED — an expression for moving up and down.
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出エジプト 29:27
46
Exodus 29:28
לחק עולם מאת בני ישראל AS AN ASSIGNED PORTION FROM THE CHILDREN OF ISRAEL — because peace-offerings belong to the “owner”, and the breast and the shoulder shall they give to the priest.
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出エジプト 29:28
47
Exodus 29:28
כי תרומה הוא FOR IT IS A HEAVE OFFERING — i.e. the breast and the shoulder form a heave-offering.
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出エジプト 29:28
48
Exodus 29:29
לבניו אחריו [SHALL BE] FOR HIS SONS AFTER HIM — for him who comes after him in this high office.
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出エジプト 29:29
49
Exodus 29:29
למשחה means to be raised to dignity by means of them. For sometimes the word משח is used in the sense of “dignity”, as in (Numbers 18:8), “to thee I have given them as a dignity (למשחה)”, and (I Chronicles 16:22) “Touch ye not my nobles (משיחי)” (cf. Rashi on Exodus 30:29).
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出エジプト 29:29
引いている箇所
民数 18:8
50
Exodus 29:29
ולמלא בם את ידם AND TO BE CONSECRATED BY THEM — through these garments he is to be invested with the high-priesthood (cf. Rashi on Yoma 73a).
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出エジプト 29:29
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